The short answer
A rental deposit is security, not automatically the final month’s rent. For tenancy agreements made from 1 July 2023, the ordinary maximum is two months of basic rent.
Separate the deposit from the last rent payment
Older agreements need a separate check. Ask for proof of payment and record the condition of the accommodation at both move-in and departure.
Ask for a specific explanation of deductions
The ordinary return period is 14 days after the tenancy ends. If permitted costs are deducted, the remaining amount must generally be returned within 30 days, with a written specification. Permitted categories include rent arrears and damage for which the tenant is responsible. An unexplained administration charge is not the same as a lawful deduction.
What to do next
- Keep the rental agreement and deposit payment record.
- Arrange a recorded inspection and save dated condition photographs.
- Request repayment in writing and challenge unsupported deductions promptly.
You paid a €1,200 deposit. The landlord claims €200 for damage but gives no description or evidence. Ask for a written itemisation, the basis for liability and repayment of the undisputed balance.
Questions people ask
Can the landlord keep the deposit without explanation?
Ask for the written specification required for deductions. A vague statement that cleaning or administration was needed is not enough to evaluate the charge.
Is the deposit always limited to two months?
The ordinary two-month basic-rent limit applies to agreements from 1 July 2023. Older contracts require a separate check.
When should it be returned?
Normally within 14 days, or the remaining balance within 30 days where permitted costs are deducted. Check the basis of any claimed deduction.
Can I skip the last rent payment instead?
Do not assume you can offset the deposit yourself. Check the agreement and get advice before withholding rent.
What evidence helps in a dispute?
The agreement, payment proof, move-in and move-out condition records, correspondence and the landlord’s itemised deduction statement.
Sources
Last verified: 4 October 2026. Sources are in Dutch or English.